{"id":1208,"date":"2020-12-20T00:06:36","date_gmt":"2020-12-19T16:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.changxuan.top\/?p=1208"},"modified":"2020-12-20T20:32:16","modified_gmt":"2020-12-20T12:32:16","slug":"%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88-hashmap-%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%b9%e9%87%8f%e5%a4%a7%e5%b0%8f%e8%a6%81%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e4%b8%ba2%e7%9a%84n%e6%ac%a1%e6%96%b9%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.changxuan.top\/?p=1208","title":{"rendered":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 HashMap \u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a2\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u524d\u4e24\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u4e00\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span>Map<String, String> temp = new<\/span> HashMap<>(6<\/span>);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u7ed9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 Map<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u670d\u6c14\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u6307\u5b9a HashMap<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5f97\u75282\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9 \u3002\u5047\u5982\u4e0d\u662f2\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21put<\/code> \u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u5bb9\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6bd4\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u5927\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u76842\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c<\/strong>\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6ca1\u7528\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u78b0\u649e\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u4ed6\u975e\u548c\u6211\u8bd5\u8bd5\uff0c\u6211\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6e90\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/span>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fHashMap\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5f04\u61c2\u6807\u9898\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u695a HashMap<\/code> \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002HashMap<\/code> \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u7684 Map<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6620\u5c04\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
HashMap<\/code> \u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u548c[\u94fe\u8868|\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811]\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u4e4b\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u6b64\u6587\u4e0d\u505a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u800c\u672c\u6587\u5f00\u5934\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u6307\u7684\u5219\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e0b\u6807\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/span>static<\/span> final<\/span> int<\/span> hash<\/span>(Object key)<\/span> <\/span>{\n        int<\/span> h;\n        \/*\n      * h = key.hashCode();\n      * h = h ^ (h >>> 16)\n        *\/<\/span>\n        return<\/span> (key == null<\/span>) ? 0<\/span> : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16<\/span>);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 key.hashCode()<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u6765\u8bf4\u8f83\u5c0f\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5f53\u4f5c\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6\u51cf\u4e00\u540e\u7684\u503c\u53d6\u6a21\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5728 HashMap<\/code> \u4e2d\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 %<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97<\/strong>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/span>final<\/span> V putVal<\/span>(int<\/span> hash, K key, V value, boolean<\/span> onlyIfAbsent,\n                   boolean<\/span> evict)<\/span> <\/span>{\n        Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int<\/span> n, i;\n        if<\/span> ((tab = table) == null<\/span> || (n = tab.length) == 0<\/span>)\n            n = (tab = resize()).length;\n      \/* n \u4e3a\u6570\u7ec4\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c (n-1) & hash \u5219\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7d22\u5f15\u503c *\/<\/span>\n        if<\/span> ((p = tab[i = (n - 1<\/span>) & hash]) == null<\/span>)\n            tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null<\/span>);\n        else<\/span> {\n          ... ...\n        }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u65e2\u7136\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u5143\u7b97\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0b\u6807\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bc1\u660e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 HashMap<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u8981\u4f7f\u75282\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5047\u5982\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a2\u76843\u6b21\u65b9\u6570\u5b578\uff0c\u5f53\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e0e\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u51cf\u4e00\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5747\u5300\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/span>  10100101 11000100 00100101\n& 00000000 00000000 00000111 \/\/ 7\n----------------------------------\n  00000000 00000000 00000101 \/\/ \u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f[0,7]\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u51fa\u73b0\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u51e0\u7387\u5c31\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/span>  10100101 11000100 00100101\n& 00000000 00000000 00000101 \/\/ 5 \n----------------------------------\n  00000000 00000000 00000101 \/\/ 5\n  \n  10100101 11000100 00100111\n& 00000000 00000000 00000101 \/\/ 5 \n----------------------------------\n  00000000 00000000 00000101 \/\/ 5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u503c\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5168\u662f1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u6b21\u54c8\u5e0c\u51b2\u7a81\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a5\u53c8\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u662f5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u78b0\u649e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u51fa\u73b0\u3002HashMap<\/code> \u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u50bb\u4e4e\u4e4e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316 HashMap<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u662f2\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\u5219\u4f1a\u628a threshold<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u6bd4\u4f20\u5165\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u76842\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/span>public<\/span> HashMap<\/span>(int<\/span> initialCapacity)<\/span> <\/span>{\n    this<\/span>(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);\n}\n\npublic<\/span> HashMap<\/span>(int<\/span> initialCapacity, float<\/span> loadFactor)<\/span> <\/span>{\n    if<\/span> (initialCapacity < 0<\/span>)\n        throw<\/span> new<\/span> IllegalArgumentException(\"Illegal initial capacity: \"<\/span> +\n                                           initialCapacity);\n    if<\/span> (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)\n        initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;\n    if<\/span> (loadFactor <= 0<\/span> || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))\n        throw<\/span> new<\/span> IllegalArgumentException(\"Illegal load factor: \"<\/span> +\n                                           loadFactor);\n    this<\/span>.loadFactor = loadFactor;\n    \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e threshold *\/<\/span>\n    this<\/span>.threshold = tableSizeFor(initialCapacity);\n}\n\n\/* Returns a power of two size for the given target capacity.*\/<\/span>\n\nstatic<\/span> final<\/span> int<\/span> tableSizeFor<\/span>(int<\/span> cap)<\/span> <\/span>{\n    int<\/span> n = cap - 1<\/span>;\n    n |= n >>> 1<\/span>;\n    n |= n >>> 2<\/span>;\n    n |= n >>> 4<\/span>;\n    n |= n >>> 8<\/span>;\n    n |= n >>> 16<\/span>;\n    return<\/span> (n < 0<\/span>) ? 1<\/span> : (n >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY : n + 1<\/span>;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u7528 put<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\u5219\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 resize()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u800c threshold<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u5219\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/span>final<\/span> V putVal<\/span>(int<\/span> hash, K key, V value, boolean<\/span> onlyIfAbsent,boolean<\/span> evict)<\/span> <\/span>{\n    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int<\/span> n, i;\n    \/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 *\/<\/span>  \n    if<\/span> ((tab = table) == null<\/span> || (n = tab.length) == 0<\/span>)\n        n = (tab = resize()).length;\n    if<\/span> ((p = tab[i = (n - 1<\/span>) & hash]) == null<\/span>)\n        tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null<\/span>);\n    ... ...\n}\n\n\nfinal<\/span> Node<K,V>[] resize() {\n    Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;\n    int<\/span> oldCap = (oldTab == null<\/span>) ? 0<\/span> : oldTab.length;\n    int<\/span> oldThr = threshold;\n    int<\/span> newCap, newThr = 0<\/span>;\n    if<\/span> (oldCap > 0<\/span>) {\n        ... ...\n    }\n    else<\/span> if<\/span> (oldThr > 0<\/span>) \n        newCap = oldThr;\n    else<\/span> {               \n        ... ...\n    }\n    if<\/span> (newThr == 0<\/span>) {\n        float<\/span> ft = (float<\/span>)newCap * loadFactor;\n        newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float<\/span>)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?\n                  (int<\/span>)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);\n    }\n    threshold = newThr;\n    \/* \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4 *\/<\/span>\n    @SuppressWarnings<\/span>({\"rawtypes\"<\/span>,\"unchecked\"<\/span>})\n    Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new<\/span> Node[newCap];\n    ... ...\n    return<\/span> newTab;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5176\u5b9e2\u7684N\u6b21\u65b9\u6570\u5b57-1\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5728\u597d\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u5f88\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5c0f\u672c\u672c\u8bb0\u4e0a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u54e6\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u8bf4\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6563\u5217\u503c\u9700\u8981\u518d\u8ba9\u9ad816\u4f4d\u548c\u4f4e\u5341\u516d\u4f4d\u505a\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8ba9\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u4f4d\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u4f4d\u548c\u4f4e\u4f4d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u54c8\u5e0c\u78b0\u649e\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7167\u4f60\u7684\u610f\u613f\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ea0\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n
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